The history of Šurany is very rich, but so is the present-day of the town. The town was affected by both world wars.

After the liberation in 1945 it was necessary to obliterate the signs of war. The town started developing. Industry was established and the agriculture took form of co-operative farming. The migration of inhabitants forced the town to build new flats. New housing estates were built, followed by educational, medical and cultural establishments. Traffic links and communications were built.

On 1.1.1976, the villages Kostolný Sek, Nitriansky Hrádok and Úľany nad Žitavou became part of Šurany. The village Úľany nad Žitavou became independent in 1991. Kostolný Sek and Nitriansky Hrádok remain a part of the town, which has over ten thousand inhabitants. Reforms in the society after 1989 affected mainly town's industry. Large enterprises Elitex, Calex, Cukrovar and others that employed people from the entire region went under. Also the co-operative farms were transformed.

Foreign investors are gradually investing in the town. Larger companies that operate in Šurany today are: Korean - Bang Joo Elektronics Slovakia, it manufactures plastic products for audio-visual technology, German – Automaty – manufactures parts for automotive industry, Korean KIHWA SK – manufactures plastic components for Samsung. Some smaller firms come from Šurany, for instance: commercial centre ZORA, MURENA, TYCHÉ, Building merchants Zajíček and so on.

There are four primary schools in town. Students from the town and the whole region study at the grammar school, business academy, secondary agricultural school and two secondary vocational schools – engineering and agricultural/ food technology school.

The inhabitants of Šurany as well as visitors have ample possibilities to enjoy cultural and sporting activities. Cultural events are offered by the town cultural centre – the town library of Michal Matunák, town hall, concert and exhibition hall in the synagogue, cinema Hviezda and the amphitheatre, cultural premises in Kostolný Sek and Nitriansky Hrádok, as well as the social centre. Sports activities are developed by the sports club SO Lokomotíva, sports club Šurany, sports club Slávia – horse riding unit, sports club CALEX cycling unit and so on. The town is surrounded by beautiful nature, woods, extensive water areas, rivers, meadows, fertile fields, beautiful retreats. The area is a part of Podunajska plain and Žitavska valley. Not far from town is recreational area Tona, with the possibility of swimming, paddle boating, fishing etc. You'll find pools, slides, sand pits, toboggans, pedallos and stalls with refreshments here. Especially in the summer months it is used not only by the locals, but also by people from the near and far surroundings.

There are plenty of shops offering wide variety of goods in town. A lot of small cafes and restaurants offer pleasant refreshment, during the summer season also in summer gardens. Visitors would be captured by plentiful architectonic and cultural landmarks.

First written reference of Šurany is stated in the document of the Hungarian ruler Bela II., dating from 3rd September 1138, as „villa Suran“. However, this does not mean the area of present-day Šurany was not inhabited beforehand. The archaeological finds from Šurany are a proof that this location was inhabited already in neolith, e.g. in the early stone age. An important grave with findings of kanel ceramics (groove decoration) was found here. Another interesting finds were a Celtic burial ground from the 2nd century B.C., roman settlement from the people's migration period (4th century A.D.) and Slavonic settlement from the 9th century - the period of earl Pribina and Great Moravia.

The written sources prove that already in the second half of the 14th century existed Šurany castle and its 12 villages and hamlets. In the years of 1663 – 84 it was under Turkish occupation and in 1725 most of it was demolished. Amongst important personalities of this castle belong the captain of the castle baron Tomáš Bosniak and his daughter Žofia. Her intact body (she died on the 28. April 1644) rests in the Loretta chapel in Teplička nad Váhom not far from Strečno, where she lived with husband Fraňo Wesselényi.

In 1832 the emperor František I. promoted Šurany to royal town with market rights. In 1835 first roller mill was built and in 1854 a sugar factory, which was the oldest in Europe , but the production of sugar ceased in 2000. Šurany were a district town in 1872 - 1918 and again in 1949 – 1960.

First written record of the village is in the document of king Ondrej II., dating to 1221, in which he confirms the exchange of estate between the Ostrihom archbishop Ján and lord Erney from the Hont-Poznan family. In this document is a reference of a village named „ Zeg“. The beginnings of the settlement reach to the Bronze Age, which is proven by plentiful findings. Amongst most valued finds belongs clay jug holding more than three thousand quartings – quarter denars . They were excavated in the new cemetery by the gravedigger J. Takáč and are now in the Slovak national museum. The coins were minted during the reign of king Žigmund in the 15th century.

Apart from the Poznan family, also the Turčáni family was important; they both owned manor houses in the village.

A place in the history of the village also belongs to Paulínsky monastery, built in the 13th century thanks to the family Hont –Poznan as well as Ostrihom archbishop Lodomerius.

First written record of the village dates to 1431; it is mentioned in the will of Ctibor Junior, the owner of Šurany castle, where it is referred to as Warad.

The beginnings of the settlement reach to the prehistoric ages. The archaeological site Zámeček, (10- 15 hectares ), located behind the eastern branch of river Nitra , Čierna voda, belongs to the most valuable prehistoric objects in middle Europe . The first finds were excavated here in 1925 by academician Ján Eisner, the founder of Slovak archaeology. His disciples were academicians Jaroslav Böhm, Dr. Janák and Dr. Točík. Important find was a settlement of people with lengyel culture from early Stone Age. The unrivalled proof of the workmanship of these people, who were also making home pottery, is Venus – Magna Mater, a statue originating from this period, found by JUDr. Vendelín Laca, when he was helping out at the site as a student.